{"id":160,"date":"2008-02-25T11:55:19","date_gmt":"2008-02-25T10:55:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/2008\/gurman-vs-gurmet-%e2%80%93-past-na-snoby\/"},"modified":"2009-07-29T13:22:21","modified_gmt":"2009-07-29T12:22:21","slug":"gurman-vs-gurmet-%e2%80%93-past-na-snoby","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/2008\/02\/25\/gurman-vs-gurmet-%e2%80%93-past-na-snoby","title":{"rendered":"Gurm\u00e1n vs gurmet \u2013 past na snoby"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Je to v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b velik\u00e1 m\u00f3da. <strong><em>Gurm\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong>\n<em>to je jenom \u017erout, co se l\u00e1duje k\u00a0prasknut\u00ed horami j\u00eddla, zat\u00edmco\nprav\u00fd labu\u017en\u00edk je<\/em> <strong><em>gurmet<\/em><\/strong>. Obl\u00edben\u00fd argument\nv\u00a0jist\u00fdch kruz\u00edch: m\u00e1m neodbytn\u00fd pocit, \u017ee popul\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mezi\nt\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed se sami pova\u017euj\u00ed za v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 odborn\u00edky p\u0159es j\u00eddlo a\nsch\u00e1zej\u00ed se na r\u016fzn\u00fdch <em>veletrz\u00edch j\u00eddla<\/em>, kde s\u00a0plastov\u00fdm\nt\u00e1ckem v\u00a0ruce s\u00a0non\u0161alatn\u011b vytr\u010den\u00fdm mal\u00ed\u010dkem korzuj\u00ed od st\u00e1nku ke\nst\u00e1nku a sd\u011bluj\u00ed si znalecky moudra jako <em>tedy ta fojegr\u00e1z byla malinko\nsu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b ten lehk\u00fd podt\u00f3n \u0161ofl\u00e9 byl zaj\u00edmav\u00fd, \u017ee jo\nM\u00e1\u0148o?<\/em> Je to zkr\u00e1tka jen velk\u00e1 snob\u00e1rna, um\u011ble vytvo\u0159en\u00fd n\u00e1stroj\npro pot\u0159ebu sd\u011blit: <em>vy jste jen gurm\u00e1n, ale j\u00e1 jsem\ngurmet,\u00a0pch!<\/em><\/p>\n\n<p>P\u0159itom je to docela nesmysl. Ano, slovo <em>gurm\u00e1n<\/em> (<em>gourmand<\/em>)\nm\u00e1 ve francouz\u0161tin\u011b i\u00a0p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdznam \u201ejedl\u00edk\u201c, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b\n\u201emlsn\u00fd\u201c. Ale ten se\u00a0\u2013 hlavn\u011b b\u011bhem 20.\u00a0stolet\u00ed\u00a0\u2013 posunul a nov\u011b\nz\u00edskal i\u00a0v\u00fdznam \u201elabu\u017en\u00edk\u201c, \u201eznalec j\u00eddla\u201c. \u010ce\u0161tina je v\u00a0tomto\nv\u00fdznamu p\u0159evzala a v\u00fdznam p\u016fvodn\u00ed (\u201ejedl\u00edk\u201c) s\u00a0t\u00edmto slovem v\u016fbec\nnem\u00e1 spojen\u00fd. V\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b je v\u00fdhradn\u011b <em>gurm\u00e1n = labu\u017en\u00edk, znalec\ndobr\u00e9ho j\u00eddla<\/em>. (Ostatn\u011b i\u00a0\u010desk\u00fd \u201elabu\u017en\u00edk\u201c je p\u016fvodn\u011b\nz\u00a0archaick\u00e9ho \u201el\u00e1biti, labu\u017eiti\u201c, tedy hltat, cp\u00e1t se. Posun v\u00fdznamu\nje zde hodn\u011b podobn\u00fd jako v\u00a0t\u00e9 francouz\u0161tin\u011b.)<\/p>\n\n<p>Vedle toho slovo <em>gourmet\/gurmet<\/em> v\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b v\u016fbec zabydleno\nnen\u00ed. V\u00a0origin\u00e1le ale znamen\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b to, co \u010desk\u00e9 gurm\u00e1n. P\u016fvodn\u011b byl\n<em>gourmet<\/em> degust\u00e1tor, ochutn\u00e1va\u010d v\u00edna; slovo vzniklo um\u011ble\nv\u00a019.\u00a0stolet\u00ed odvozen\u00edm pr\u00e1v\u011b ze slova <em>gourmand<\/em>. Pozd\u011bji se jeho\nv\u00fdznam z\u00a0ochutn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (vychutn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed) v\u00edna p\u0159esunul do \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed oblasti\ncel\u00e9 gastronomie a ob\u011b slova se vpodstat\u011b stala synonymy.<\/p>\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 sta\u0161\u00ed zdroje v\u00a0angli\u010dtin\u011b, a\u010d rovn\u011b\u017e pova\u017euj\u00ed\n<em>gourmand<\/em> a <em>gourmet<\/em> za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 synonyma, p\u0159isuzuj\u00ed v\u00fdrazu\n<em>gourmand<\/em> jist\u00fd posun sm\u011brem k\u00a0anglick\u00e9mu v\u00fdznamu <em>glutton<\/em>\n(\u017erout, jedl\u00edk). Nicm\u00e9n\u011b ani v\u00a0angli\u010ditn\u011b to nen\u00ed jednotn\u00e9 a tento\nv\u00fdznam se pova\u017euje sp\u00ed\u0161e za archaismus (viz nap\u0159. heslo <a\nhref=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gourmand\">gourmand<\/a> na Wikipedii). Ale\nv\u00a0\u010de\u0161tin\u011b, kde ani <em>glutton<\/em>, ani <em>gourmet<\/em> neexistuj\u00ed, u\u017e\ntento probl\u00e9m neexistuje v\u016fbec. V\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m \u010desk\u00e9m slovn\u00edku tato slova\nnenajdete. V\u00a0encyklopedi\u00edch a slovn\u00edc\u00edch ciz\u00edch slov naraz\u00edte v\u00fdhradn\u011b\nna \u201egurm\u00e1n = labu\u017en\u00edk\u201c; naopak ve slovn\u00edc\u00edch francouzsko-\u010desk\u00fdch\nnajdete v\u017edy \u201egourmet = gurm\u00e1n, labu\u017en\u00edk\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<p>A\u00a0mimochodem, kulin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd polob\u016fh, <a\nhref=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Auguste_Escoffier\">Auguste Escoffier<\/a>, by\nt\u011b\u017eko zalo\u017eil klub <em>Ligue des Gourmands<\/em> s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u017ee by to m\u011blo m\u00edt\nn\u011bjak\u00fd pejorativn\u00ed n\u00e1dech a m\u011blo by se tam \u017er\u00e1t <em>Dodine de Canard au\nChambertin<\/em> po k\u00fdblech.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Rozli\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed gurm\u00e1n\/gurmet si vymyslelo p\u00e1r snob\u016f, aby si zvedli\nsebev\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee jsou n\u011bco v\u00edc, ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed.<\/strong> Skute\u010dn\u00ed\nlabu\u017en\u00edci a kulin\u00e1\u0159i si s\u00a0t\u00edm hlavu nel\u00e1mou, s\u00a0klidem <a\nhref=\"http:\/\/www.gurmanka.cz\/\">si \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed gurm\u00e1n<\/a>, nebo jakkoli jinak,\nnebo v\u016fbec nijak. V\u017edy, kdy\u017e naraz\u00edm na n\u011bkoho, kdo se v\u00a0tomto sm\u011bru\nost\u0159e vymezuje a z\u00e1sadn\u011b rozli\u0161uje <em>gurm\u00e1ny<\/em> a <em>gurmety<\/em>,\nv\u00edm hned, kolik uhodilo a mysl\u00edm si\u00a0sv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<!-- by Texy2! -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je to v\u00a0posledn\u00ed dob\u011b velik\u00e1 m\u00f3da. Gurm\u00e1n to je jenom \u017erout, co se l\u00e1duje k\u00a0prasknut\u00ed horami j\u00eddla, zat\u00edmco prav\u00fd labu\u017en\u00edk je gurmet. Obl\u00edben\u00fd argument v\u00a0jist\u00fdch kruz\u00edch: m\u00e1m neodbytn\u00fd pocit, \u017ee popul\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mezi t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed se sami pova\u017euj\u00ed za v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 odborn\u00edky p\u0159es j\u00eddlo a sch\u00e1zej\u00ed se na r\u016fzn\u00fdch veletrz\u00edch j\u00eddla, kde s\u00a0plastov\u00fdm t\u00e1ckem v\u00a0ruce s\u00a0non\u0161alatn\u011b &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/2008\/02\/25\/gurman-vs-gurmet-%e2%80%93-past-na-snoby\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed textu <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Gurm\u00e1n vs gurmet \u2013 past na snoby<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[12],"class_list":["post-160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-od-plotny","category-vseobecne","tag-haute-cuisine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":479,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160\/revisions\/479"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pixy.cz\/pixynergia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}